Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a neurological deficit that causes motor and phonic tics. These tics can vary in frequency, intensity, duration and in anatomic location. Motor tics include eye twitching, shoulder shrugging, and nose twitching. Phonic tics can be sounds such as grunting, coughing, or squealing. Typically children who exhibit this disorder show tics that increase and decrease over time, partially dependent upon the current stressors in a person's life.
Tourette's Syndrome can be treated through psychopharmacological interventions and behaviorally, usually performed by a psychologist. A number of psychiatric medications have been shown to reduce tics with limited side effects (pimozide, haliperidol, etc.).
Cognitive-behavior therapy has also been shown to effectively reduce tics. Specifically, Habit Reversal Training (HRT) is conducted to teach the individual how to modify their tics into more socially appropriate movements. Individuals initially learn to be aware of their premonitory urges and then begin modifying the tic. With practice, HRT is an effective treatment for Tourette's with good long-term results.
* For information Call 212 580-4095 or 516 592-7404 to speak with Dr. Kassinove |
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